Itasca has provided analysis of nearly all types of retaining structures, including slurry-supported reinforced concrete diaphragm walls, sheet pile walls, soil-nailed walls, and tieback walls. As with dams, water pressure acting within the soil mass is often a key issue. The ability to predict water pressures is an important element in understanding the behavior of retaining structures. Itasca analyzes flow through soil and uses the resultant pore pressures to determine effective stresses so that these can be applied in the constitutive models.